The Glorious Life of Ghaus-e-Azam Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani: A Lesson for Muslims

By Ghulam Ghaus Siddiqi, New Age Islam 14 October 2024 A Beacon of Knowledge, Spirituality, and Compassion Main Points: 1. Illustrious Lineage and Early Signs of Sainthood 2. Mastery of Knowledge and Scholarship 3. Rigorous Spiritual Practices and Asceticism: He exemplified asceticism through rigorous worship and constant remembrance of Allah, emphasizing the importance of spiritual commitment alongside knowledge. 4. Noble Character and Compassionate Leadership: Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was known for his humility, kindness, and ability to connect with people from all walks of life, emphasizing the significance of treating others with respect and compassion. 5. Enduring Legacy and Impact: His teachings and spiritual guidance continue to inspire millions. His shrine in Baghdad remains a pilgrimage site, symbolizing the lasting impact of his life and message on contemporary Muslims. ------ Lineage and Birth The esteemed Qutb of the Qutbs, the distinguished Shaykh, and the leader of scholars in Islam, Hadrat Muhyi Al-Din Abu Muhammad Abdul Qadir Al-Hasani Al-Hussaini (May Allah be Pleased with Him), was born into a noble lineage, blessed with a heritage that few can claim. His paternal lineage traced back to Imam Hasan, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be upon Him), while his maternal line descended from Imam Hussain, the other grandson of the Prophet (Peace Be upon Him). This extraordinary lineage imbued him with both spiritual and moral authority, laying the foundation for his future role as a saint and spiritual leader. Hadrat Abdul Qadir was born on the 1st of Ramadan, 470 AH (1077 CE) in the renowned village of Jil in Iran. His birth during the holy month of Ramadan signified his unique status and divine favor. From his earliest days, the signs of his saintly nature were evident, as the circumstances of his birth heralded a life dedicated to spirituality and service. Born a Saint The early signs of Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam’s (May Allah be Pleased with Him) saintly nature were remarkable. As an infant, he would refrain from nursing during the daytime of Ramadan, displaying a natural inclination toward fasting, a trait that amazed those around him. This extraordinary act not only highlighted his deep spiritual connection but also served as a prophetic sign of the great saint he would become. This phenomenon quickly spread among the villagers, who regarded the new-born with awe, affirming his status as a divinely favoured individual (Bahjat al-Asrar, p. 171-172). Such early signs of piety remind modern Muslims of the importance of fostering spiritual awareness from a young age. They encourage parents to instill values of worship and consciousness of Allah in their children, ensuring that the foundation of their lives is built upon faith and virtue. His Appearance Hadrat Abdul Qadir Jilani (May Allah be Pleased with Him) possessed a distinct and noble appearance that reflected his inner virtues. He was of medium height and slim build, characterized by a broad chest and a long, thick beard. His whitish complexion and closely knit eyebrows complemented his commanding voice, which captivated those who listened to him speak. He radiated an aura of wisdom and spirituality, drawing people to him not only for his knowledge but also for his presence (Nuzhat al-Khatir al-Fater, p. 19). In today’s context, the importance of personal character and appearance can be a lesson for Muslims. A person's demeanor and conduct should reflect their inner beliefs and values. It serves as a reminder that outward appearances can be powerful in shaping how one is perceived in the community. Knowledge and Scholarship Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was not only a saint but also a towering figure in Islamic scholarship. He mastered both outward and inward knowledge, bridging the gap between religious sciences and spirituality. His understanding of the Qur'an and Hadith, coupled with his mystical insights, made him a unique scholar of his time. One notable instance of his profound knowledge occurred when a Qari recited a verse from the Qur'an during a gathering. Hadrat Abdul Qadir Jilani (May Allah be Pleased with Him) then began to explain its commentary, providing 40 different interpretations, each supported by detailed evidence and proofs. His ability to delve into the depths of a single verse and provide a plethora of interpretations astonished his audience, showcasing his remarkable scholarly depth and analytical acumen. His lectures covered a wide range of topics, including Tafsir (Qur'anic exegesis), Hadith (the sayings of the Prophet), Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Kalam (Islamic theology), Usul (principles of jurisprudence), and Nahw (grammar). The breadth of his teachings enabled him to address the diverse needs of his students and followers. Notably, he would teach these subjects both before and after the noon prayer, demonstrating his dedication to imparting knowledge. In a fascinating episode, a question arose regarding a person who had taken an oath of three divorces unless he worshiped in solitude while ensuring no one else was engaged in the same act. The scholars of Iraq were stumped, but when this query was presented to Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him), he immediately responded with clarity. He advised that the individual should go to Makkah Mukarramah, clear a space for himself at the place of Tawaf, and complete the Tawaf seven times alone. This decisive answer not only resolved the dilemma but also left the scholars astonished by his profound insight (Bajhat al-Asrar, p. 226). His commitment to knowledge is further illustrated by his rigorous daily practices. For forty years, he maintained the practice of performing ablution for the Isha prayer and would spend the entire night in worship, often praying Fajr with the same ablution (Bajhat al-Asrar, p. 164). This level of dedication underscores the relationship between knowledge and spirituality in Islam, encouraging Muslims today to seek knowledge while simultaneously nurturing their spiritual lives. Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) believed that knowledge was not just an intellectual pursuit but a means to deepen one’s relationship with Allah. His teachings emphasized the importance of understanding the essence of faith, guiding followers toward a path of both scholarly excellence and spiritual fulfillment. His Asceticism and Worship The spiritual practices of Hadrat Abdul Qadir Jilani (May Allah be Pleased with Him) were marked by exceptional rigor and commitment. He engaged in various forms of worship that transcended mere ritual; his entire existence was dedicated to the remembrance of Allah. He would engage every part of his being in worship, striving for a constant state of mindfulness and connection with the Divine. His ascetic lifestyle exemplified a profound commitment to spirituality. Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) practiced asceticism not only through rigorous worship but also through a deep sense of gratitude and humility. His unwavering adherence to the Qur'an and Sunnah was evident in his daily life, where he remained in constant remembrance of Allah in all states, fully absorbed in the oneness of Allah. Despite his immense knowledge and spiritual stature, he was known for his humility and kindness. He often sat with the poor and the weak, honoring elders and displaying compassion toward younger individuals. His character serves as a shining example of how spirituality should manifest in one’s conduct and interactions with others. His Noble Character Hadrat Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was a paragon of noble character and ethics. His pure-heartedness and excellent manners were apparent to all who encountered him. He embodied the principles of humility, respect, and compassion. Despite his stature as a great scholar and saint, he remained accessible and relatable to those around him. His kindness extended not only to his disciples but to all individuals, regardless of their social standing. Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was known to be the first to greet others and would often engage with people in a manner that made them feel valued and respected. This approachability and humility are essential lessons for modern Muslims, reminding us of the importance of treating everyone with dignity, regardless of their circumstances. His emphasis on compassion was particularly evident in his interactions with his disciples. He expressed unwavering support for them, guaranteeing that none of his followers would die without repenting until the Day of Judgment. His inclusive approach meant that even those who were not formally initiated into his order but held love and reverence for him would find a place among his followers in the eyes of Allah. His Kindness to His Disciples Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) had a unique bond with his disciples. He recognized the struggles and imperfections of human nature, and he made it his mission to support and guide his followers. His assurance that anyone who called upon him for help would find relief is a testament to his compassionate character. He emphasized that those who sought his intercession would have their needs fulfilled by Allah, illustrating his role as a spiritual guide and intercessor. One profound aspect of his teachings involved the practice of invoking his name alongside prayers. Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) taught that if someone prayed two units of voluntary prayer while reciting Surah Al-Fatiha followed by Surah Al-Ikhlas eleven times in each unit, and then walked eleven steps towards Iraq while invoking his name, Allah would grant their requests. This act of devotion not only illustrates the power of sincere prayer but also reinforces the belief in the intercessory role of saints. His compassion extended to understanding the struggles of individuals, regardless of their shortcomings. He taught that the love and reverence held for him would open doors to mercy and forgiveness from Allah. In a world filled with judgments and criticisms, Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam’s (May Allah be Pleased with Him) message serves as a beacon of hope, urging followers to seek forgiveness and strive for a deeper connection with Allah. Supererogatory Acts Taught by Him In addition to his extensive knowledge and compassionate guidance, Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) imparted several supererogatory acts that his followers could perform to enhance their spiritual connection. He stated that anyone who called upon him in distress or sought Allah’s assistance through his intercession would find their needs fulfilled. This promise serves as a reminder of the significance of sincere prayer and the importance of seeking help from those with a closer connection to Allah. He also emphasized the importance of ritual prayer and acts of devotion. He taught that by performing specific acts of worship, followers could strengthen their relationship with Allah and seek blessings for their needs. This guidance highlights the significance of both obligatory and voluntary acts of worship in Islam, encouraging believers to strive for a balance between formal rituals and heartfelt devotion. Consequences of Enmity towards Ghaus-e-Azam Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) made it clear that harboring enmity or disrespect towards him would have severe consequences. Instances are recorded where individuals who opposed him faced immediate repercussions. For example, a man who internally objected to Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was struck by a nail, causing him unbearable pain. When brought before the Shaykh, he was immediately healed upon receiving the Shaykh's blessed hand. This incident serves as a reminder of the sanctity and respect that must be afforded to revered figures in Islam. In contemporary times, this principle resonates with the importance of mutual respect and honor within the Muslim community. It underscores the need to approach differences with a spirit of understanding rather than enmity, fostering a culture of compassion and unity. His Sermons and Advice Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) was known for his powerful sermons and wise counsel. His gatherings would often attract hundreds of attendees, eager to learn from his insights. He emphasized the significance of knowledge and the importance of acting upon it. His teachings focused not only on the theoretical aspects of Islam but also on the practical application of its principles in everyday life. He would often recount dreams in which he received direct instruction from the Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be upon Him) and Hadrat Ali (May Allah be Pleased with Him), urging him to spread knowledge and wisdom. The profound influence of these dreams further motivated him to guide his followers, ensuring that they received the spiritual and intellectual nourishment they sought. His Blessed Passing Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) passed away at the age of 90 on the 11th of Rabi’ al-Akhir, 561 AH (1182 CE). His passing marked the end of an era, yet his legacy endures. His shrine in Baghdad remains a center of pilgrimage for countless devotees, reflecting the enduring impact of his teachings and spiritual guidance. His life serves as an eternal reminder for modern Muslims. He embodied the principles of humility, knowledge, and compassion, emphasizing the importance of a balanced life that integrates spiritual devotion with intellectual pursuit. Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him) teaches us that the quest for knowledge should be accompanied by a sincere connection to Allah and a commitment to serving others. Conclusion The life of Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani (May Allah be Pleased with Him) offers invaluable lessons for contemporary Muslims. His commitment to knowledge, spirituality, and compassion provides a framework for navigating the complexities of modern life. By embodying his principles of humility, kindness, and unwavering faith, we can strive to create a community that reflects the essence of Islamic teachings. In a world filled with challenges, his legacy encourages us to seek knowledge, foster compassion, and remain steadfast in our worship. Through the teachings and example of Hadrat Ghaus-e-Azam (May Allah be Pleased with Him), we find inspiration to strengthen our faith and embody the values of Islam in our daily lives. His life is a testament to the profound impact one individual can have on the hearts and minds of countless others, serving as a guiding light for generations to come. ------ A regular Columnist with NewAgeIslam.com, Ghulam Ghaus Siddiqi Dehlvi is a Classical Islamic scholar with a rich Sufi Madrasa background and expertise in English-Arabic-Urdu translation. URL: https://www.newageislam.com/islamic-personalities/ghaus-e-azam-sheikh-abdul-qadir-jilani-muslims/d/133434 New Age Islam, Islam Online, Islamic Website, African Muslim News, Arab World News, South Asia News, Indian Muslim News, World Muslim News, Women in Islam, Islamic Feminism, Arab Women, Women In Arab, Islamophobia in America, Muslim Women in West, Islam Women and Feminism