The Case for Religious Pluralism: Embracing Our Shared Historicity

By Adis Duderija, New Age Islam 11 June 2025 In a world characterised by profound diversity, the question of how we understand and engage with different religious traditions becomes increasingly pertinent. One of the most compelling arguments for religious pluralism, put forward by a process thinker DDavid Ray Griffin, is found in the assertion of our radical historicity , i.e. our capacity to be shaped by and shape ourselves in relation to particular historical contexts. This perspective reveals that human beings, moulded by their cultural and historical circumstances, embody a wide spectrum of beliefs and practices that defy simplistic comparisons. Griffin’s idea that individuals raised as Buddhists in Thailand are fundamentally culturally different from those raised as Muslims in Morocco or Jews in New York City underscores the importance of recognizing and valuing our diverse religious landscapes. At the heart of this discussion is the acknowledgment that human experiences are not monolithic. Unlike the relatively static nature of other species, such as birds and monkeys, humans are marked by an extraordinary capacity for self-determination. This capacity allows us to navigate the complexities of our environments and traditions, creating unique identities informed by our cultural heritage. This radical historicity implies that our religious traditions, too, must reflect this ongoing evolution, adapting to the needs, values, and understandings of the people who practice them. The implications of this perspective are profound. If we accept that each religious tradition is a product of its historical context, we can no longer assume that all religions speak to the same ultimate truths. Instead, we should recognize that each tradition offers distinct insights into the human condition, shaped by the specific challenges and experiences of its adherents. This understanding invites a spirit of mutual respect and dialogue among different faiths, encouraging us to learn from one another rather than view each tradition as a competing claim to truth. The Non-Coercive Nature of Divine Influence Central to this discussion is the notion of divine influence as non-coercive. This idea posits that while many religious traditions may claim divine inspiration, the manner in which this influence operates allows for a diversity of interpretations and practices. The radical freedom of human beings means that individuals can engage with the divine in myriad ways, leading to a plurality of beliefs and experiences. This non-coercive relationship with the divine underlines the significance of personal agency in shaping one’s spiritual journey, further enhancing the case for religious pluralism. When examining the teachings of various traditions, we often find overlapping themes—compassion, justice, love, and the search for meaning. However, the ways in which these principles are understood and enacted vary significantly. For instance, the concept of compassion in Buddhism may emphasize mindfulness and self-awareness, while in Christianity, it might be framed within the context of love for one’s neighbour. These nuances are not merely semantic; they represent deep-rooted cultural practices and historical experiences that inform how individuals relate to these values. Learning from One Another The recognition of our radical historicity not only fosters respect but also opens the door to genuine learning. Each religious tradition has developed unique responses to life’s fundamental questions, and these responses can enrich our understanding of the human experience. For example, the Buddhist practice of mindfulness offers valuable insights into mental well-being that can complement the Christian or Islamic emphasis on community and service. Similarly, the Jewish tradition of questioning and debate can inspire a more dynamic approach to faith within other contexts. Engaging with different religious perspectives allows for a more holistic understanding of spirituality. Rather than viewing religious traditions as competing ideologies, we can appreciate them as varied lenses through which to explore the complexities of existence. This pluralistic approach encourages us to ask not only what we believe but also how those beliefs can be informed and enriched by others. The Risk of Monolithic Thinking In contrast, the belief that all religions ultimately convey the same truths can lead to a dangerous oversimplification of complex issues. Such a perspective risks erasing the rich histories and cultural contexts that shape each tradition. It fosters a sense of complacency, where adherents may feel they have nothing to learn from those who practice different faiths. This monolithic thinking not only stifles dialogue but can also breed intolerance and conflict, as individuals become entrenched in the belief that their way is the only valid path. By embracing religious pluralism, we take a step toward dismantling these barriers. Acknowledging the diversity of religious experiences fosters empathy and understanding, allowing us to appreciate the unique contributions of each tradition. This shift in perspective can cultivate a more inclusive society, one where dialogue and cooperation are prioritized over division and conflict. In conclusion, the radical historicity of human beings invites us to embrace religious pluralism as a reflection of our shared humanity. By recognizing that our experiences shape our beliefs, we open ourselves to a richer understanding of the world around us. The non-coercive nature of divine influence underscores the importance of personal agency in spiritual matters, allowing for a diversity of interpretations that can enrich our lives. As we engage with different religious traditions, we not only learn from one another but also celebrate the beauty of our shared quest for meaning. ------ Checkout Dr. Adis Duderija’s personal website at: https://dradisduderija.com/ A decades old patron of New Age Islam, Dr Adis Duderija is a Senior Lecturer in the Study of Islam and Society, School of Humanities, Languages and Social Science; Senior Fellow Centre for Interfaith and Intercultural Dialogue, Griffith University | Nathan | Queensland | Australia. His forthcoming books are (co-edited) - Shame, Modesty, and Honour in Islam and Interfaith Engagement beyond the Divide (Springer) URL: https://www.newageislam.com/interfaith-dialogue/religious-pluralism-embracing-shared-historicity/d/135836 New Age Islam, Islam Online, Islamic Website, African Muslim News, Arab World News, South Asia News, Indian Muslim News, World Muslim News, Women in Islam, Islamic Feminism, Arab Women, Women In Arab, Islamophobia in America, Muslim Women in West, Islam Women and Feminism