Answering A Misconception That the Sufis Abandoned Shariat and Only Adopted Tariqat

By Ghulam Ghaus Siddiqi, New Age Islam 2 September 2024 Sufism Views Shariah and Tariqat as Interconnected, Not Separate Entities Main Points: 1. Sufis historically identified themselves as Ahl al-Sunna wa Jamaat, meaning Sunnis. 2. Barelvis consider themselves as the authentic Sunni Muslims. 3. The Barelvi Sunni Muslim community finds itself at the lowest rung in terms of wielding political influence or making strides on the international stage compared to other Muslim factions. 4. Present-day Barelvi Sunni Muslims deserve getting tasked with reviving the spiritual legacy of the Sufis, reinstating the path paved by the Almighty with love and compassion for all humanity. 5. Sunni beliefs align with the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and his esteemed Companions, including the revered Ahl al-Bayt, the four Imams—Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafei, and Hanbali. 6. Sunni divergence predominantly occurs in contrast with other sects such as the Shiites, Raafidhi, Jabriyya, Qadriyya, Mushabbaha, Mu’attalah, among others. 7. Imam Ahmad Raza, also known as Aala Hazrat Barelvi, recognizes Hazrat Ghaus-e-Aazam Mohiyuddin Jilani's leadership in both Shariat and Tariqat. 8. Exploring the writings of masters like Hazrat Ghaus-e-Azam provides a transformative journey towards self-discovery and spiritual enlightenment. ----- One common misconception surrounding the Sufis is the inaccurate belief that they abandon the path of Shariat, solely embracing the path of Tariqat. It is essential to understand before discussing the main subject of the article that Sufis historically identified themselves as Ahl al-Sunna wa Jamaat, which translates to Sunnis. In present times, many Muslims also identify as Sunnis, yet there exist diverse groups with varying beliefs and denominations. For instance, Deobandis and Salafis, also known as Wahhabis, associate themselves with Sunni Islam. Similarly, Barelvis consider themselves as the authentic Sunni Muslims. Nevertheless, within the Barelvi community, there are emerging signs of division as different factions and groups begin to form. In the contemporary context, the Barelvi or Sufi-oriented Muslims, who have traditionally been unified in their adherence to the recognized Sunni beliefs, now find themselves grappling with a growing sense of confusion and division when considering the intricacies of Islam's sub-issues or derivative matters. While the fundamental tenets upheld by followers of various Sufi-Barelvi shrines remain largely consistent, it is the nuanced differences in the peripheral matters [aka Furui Masaail] that have gradually begun to take on more pronounced shapes. Consequently, a noticeable trend has emerged where some adherents within this sphere are increasingly reluctant to identify solely as Barelvis, instead preferring designations such as Sufis, Sunnis, or affiliations with other strands of Islamic thought. As time progresses, the once minor disparities have evolved into more profound distinctions, transcending beyond mere secondary concerns to become profound, foundational points of contention among these groups. This shift has marked a significant departure from the unifying principles that previously bound these individuals together, signalling a broader re-evaluation and reconstruction of religious identities within this particular Sunni Jama’at. Considering the broad expanse of the world, it is apparent that Barelvi Muslims, who deeply associate themselves with the teachings of Sufism, earnestly express their inclination towards being recognized as part of the Sunni branch of Islam. When a comprehensive global analysis is conducted, it emerges clearly that the Barelvi Muslim community finds itself positioned at the lowest rung in terms of wielding political influence or making strides on the international stage in comparison to other Muslim factions. While I harbour a profound faithful bond with the beliefs of Barelvi Sunni Sufi Hanafi Maturidi school of thought, I am compelled to acknowledge that this particular Jama’at trails behind all others in exerting a substantial impact on a global scale. Present-day scenarios emphasize this reality, showcasing numerous revered shrines and a limited number of Madrasas, yet the notable absence of colleges, esteemed educational institutions, and universities within this particular community. It is indeed a widely recognized belief that when one dedicates themselves to carrying out virtuous deeds, the benevolent guidance of Allah is ever-present to provide unwavering support and guidance. In light of this, the Barelvi Sunnis are encouraged to wisely leverage their abundant resources with a visionary approach, aimed at not only focusing on traditional Madrasas but also expanding their efforts to establish well-rounded educational institutions across every locality. By diversifying their educational initiatives to include the establishment of colleges and universities prioritizing contemporary academic disciplines, the Barelvi Sunnis can effectively contribute to fostering a society that is equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary for progress in today's world. In doing so, they would be instrumental in offering opportunities for quality education that promotes values of goodness, civility, and elevated moral standards to all individuals residing in India, irrespective of their religious affiliations. A critical aspect that should not go unnoticed is their pivotal role in advocating for human rights, as this not only elevates their stature in the global community but also garners the favour and blessings of Allah, underscoring the intrinsic connection between adhering to ethical principles and reaping divine rewards. By upholding these principles and pursuing educational endeavours that prioritize inclusivity, excellence, and moral integrity, the Barelvi Sunnis can truly make a meaningful and enduring impact that resonates far beyond the boundaries of India. The path laid out by the Almighty Creator is one of compassion and generosity towards humanity, transcending any boundaries of race, religion, or cultural differences. It is an inclusive path where every individual, regardless of their beliefs or background, receives the bounties of nature such as sustenance, sunlight, rain, and other blessings without discrimination. The Creator's benevolence knows no bounds as He bestows His gifts upon all His creation with utmost fairness and justice. In following this divine example, Sufis have embraced a life of righteousness and morality, embodying principles that treat all individuals with kindness and respect, irrespective of their faith or heritage. Their noble deeds encompass feeding the hungry, consoling the downtrodden, caring for the sick, and guiding people from all walks of life towards spiritual enlightenment. Present-day Barelvi Sunni Muslims deserve getting tasked with reviving the spiritual legacy of the Sufis, reinstating the path paved by the Almighty with love and compassion for all humanity. Remembering this model of divine and merciful justice and treatment and putting it into practice is as important today as ever in the entire world. It is crucial for societies across the globe to uphold principles of justice that are free from discrimination based on factors such as religion, lineage, or caste. When justice is administered impartially, it reflects the merciful nature of divine justice. Conversely, when justice is tainted by biases and prejudices, it fails to embody the essence of fairness and righteousness. People who exhibit disdain for universal justice, encompassing all religions and nationalities, often demonstrate characteristics of moral corruption, falsehoods, deceit, and avarice. Such individuals prioritize personal gain, power, and control, which hinders their ability to adhere to divine principles of justice. Consequently, those driven by greed and a thirst for domination harbour inclinations towards exploiting and oppressing ordinary citizens within the realm of global politics. It is imperative that individuals strive to emulate the virtues of fairness, honesty, and integrity in all aspects of their lives, transcending boundaries of nationality and creed. Only through embodying the values of genuine justice can a society progresses towards a more equitable and harmonious world order. The article commenced with a crucial misconception about the Sufis, which suggests that they disregard the teachings of the Shari'ah and solely adhere to the Tariqat path. However, from a discerning and factual perspective, this notion is entirely erroneous and deceptive. It is essential to recognize that all the Sufis identified themselves as Sunnis; although some may not have explicitly documented their Sunni beliefs, they were the inherent part of their faith. The pivotal issue to consider is the essence of Sunni beliefs themselves. Sunni beliefs align with the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and his esteemed Companions, including the revered Ahl al-Bayt, the four Imams—Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafei, and Hanbali. The crux of Sunni divergence predominantly occurs in contrast with other sects such as the Shiites, Raafidhi, Jabriyya, Qadriyya, Mushabbaha, Mu’attalah, among others. It is imperative to draw insights from this to deepen our understanding of the historical and theological context surrounding Sufism and its integration within the broader Islamic framework. By exploring these nuances, we can unearth a more comprehensive perspective on the intersections between Sufism or Sunni beliefs, and the various ideological streams that have influenced the assertion of Islamic identity over time. In their various works, which included deeply insightful books, detailed appendices, and profound writings, numerous esteemed Sufi scholars have eloquently articulated the fundamental interconnection between Tariqat and Shariat. They meticulously expounded on how the teachings found in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, often referred to as the commands stemming from Allah and His Messenger, formed the ethical and moral framework of the Sharia. Delving into the spiritual essence of these divine injunctions, the Sufis not only comprehended these teachings on a profound level but exemplified a steadfast adherence to the ethical and legal precepts outlined in the Sharia. Moreover, their teachings extended beyond personal spiritual growth, as they fervently advocated for others to follow the Tariqat path, a transformative journey that nurtures a genuine and profound love for the divine within the hearts of seekers. By imparting wisdom, guidance, and inspiration, the Sufis illuminated the path towards a harmonious balance between the spiritual realm and the adherence to the principles of Sharia, fostering a holistic approach that resonated with seekers across diverse cultural and geographical landscapes. Their invaluable insights continue to serve as a beacon of light, steering earnest seekers toward a deeper understanding of the intertwined nature of Tariqat and Shariat, facilitating a profound spiritual connection grounded in love, devotion, and unwavering commitment to the divine. In the teachings of Sufism, it is important to note that the paths of Shariat and Tariqat are not viewed as distinctly separate entities. Sufis, in their approach, embrace both the principles of Shariat and the spiritual wisdom of Tariqat. This differs significantly from the perspective held by traditional scholars, known as the Ulama-e-Zaahir, who primarily focus on the outward aspects of Shariah. The distinction lies in the Sufis' deep understanding of the spiritual dimensions inherent within the legal framework of Shariat. Imam Ahmad Raza, also known as Aala Hazrat Barelvi, explicitly recognizes the profound leadership and virtues of Hazrat Ghaus-e-Aazam Mohiyuddin Jilani in both the realms of Shariat and Tariqat. This esteemed position of Imam Ghaus-e-Aazam was widely acknowledged among renowned Sufi figures, including Hazrat Khwaja Gharib Nawaz, Hazrat Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, Hazrat Nizamuddin Mehboob Elahi, Badshah-e-Kalyari, and Shah Samnani. These revered Sufis revered the spiritual guidance and exemplified virtues embodied by Hazrat Ghaus-e-Aazam, reflecting the integration of both the legal aspects of Shariat and the spiritual depths of Tariqat. May Allah bestow His mercy upon them and illuminate our path with His divine blessings. Sufi teachings illuminate a strong bond between the Shariat, the external framework of Islam, and Tariqat, the internal path of spiritual realization. Through the lens of Sufism, the harmony between these parallel dimensions becomes palpable, as they intersect and complement each other in divine wisdom. Despite their distinct modalities, Shariat and Tariqat converge to form a holistic spiritual journey that bridges the earthly obligations of ritual observance with the transcendental realm of inner transformation. This symbiotic relationship underscores the deep-rooted tradition of Sufism, emphasizing the inseparable connection between outward practice and inward illumination on the path towards spiritual enlightenment and gnosis or Spiritual Maarifat of God Almighty. By acknowledging the inherent unity within the seemingly disparate domains of Shariat and Tariqat, Sufi teachings offer a profound insight into the profound synthesis of the exoteric and esoteric aspects of Islamic spirituality, highlighting the profound interconnectedness that underpins the seeker's quest for spiritual perfection and ultimate truth. In essence, the teachings of Sufism serve as a guiding light, illuminating the profound interconnectedness and harmonious coexistence of Shariat and Tariqat, ultimately leading the seeker towards the realization of the Islamic Truth. After thoroughly comprehending the profound connection between Shariat, Tariqat, and the tangible realities of life, I sincerely recommend immersing yourself in the wisdom encapsulated within the sacred text, Futuh al-Ghaib, penned by the venerable Hazrat Ghaus-e-Azam. This esteemed figure implored all his disciples to persistently engage in a spiritual struggle against their inner selves, to oust the malevolent forces lurking within, to transcend mundane desires, renounce the pursuit of self-gratification, and find contentment in the divine pleasure of the Almighty. By liberating oneself from the bondage of the ego and Nafs, embracing genuine servitude to the Creator, one attains authentic freedom, genuine prosperity, and garners esteem in both the earthly realm and the hereafter. To delve deeper into the profound teachings of the Sufi tradition, it is imperative to earnestly explore and internalize the writings of these illuminated masters. A thorough perusal of their works unveils the complete essence; one should remember that the portrayal of Sufism in external sources may not always capture the entirety of its truth. Delving into the profound teachings of masters such as Hazrat Ghaus-e-Azam provides a transformative journey towards self-discovery and spiritual enlightenment. The timeless wisdom encapsulated within Futuh al-Ghaib serves as a beacon of guidance, illuminating the path towards inner peace and divine connection. By following the principles of genuine servitude and spiritual struggle, individuals can transcend beyond the superficialities of material desires, attaining a sense of fulfillment that extends beyond the confines of worldly pursuits. Embracing the essence of Sufism not only cultivates authentic freedom but also fosters a deep sense of harmony with the universe, enabling individuals to navigate life's challenges with grace and resilience. ----- Urdu Article: Answering a Question on the Sufi Teachings صوفیائے کرام کی تعلیمات پر ایک شبہ کا ازالہ A regular Columnist with NewAgeIslam.com, Ghulam Ghaus Siddiqi Dehlvi is a Classical Islamic scholar with a rich Sufi Madrasa background and expertise in English-Arabic-Urdu translation. Throughout his career, he has emerged as a prominent figure in the realm of Islamic scholarship, consistently contributing valuable insights and analysis on a wide range of crucial topics. Through his regular writings, he has delved into multifaceted subjects, including but not limited to deradicalization strategies, the promotion of moderation within Islamic teachings, counter-terrorism efforts, and the vital mission of combating Islamophobia. Moreover, he extensively addresses the urgent need to challenge radical ideologies through well-reasoned arguments and scholarly discourse. Beyond these critical issues, his work also encompasses in-depth discussions on human rights principles, the significance of safeguarding religious rights, and the profound exploration of Islamic mysticism. URL: https://www.newageislam.com/debating-islam/misconception-sufis-shariat-tariqat/d/133096 New Age Islam, Islam Online, Islamic Website, African Muslim News, Arab World News, South Asia News, Indian Muslim News, World Muslim News, Women in Islam, Islamic Feminism, Arab Women, Women In Arab, Islamophobia in America, Muslim Women in West, Islam Women and Feminism